Scientific References - selected

Avogadri F, Zappasodi R, Yang A, Budhu S, Malandro N, Hirschorn-Cymerman D, Tiwan S, Maughan M, Olmsted R, Wolchok J, Merghoub T, Combination of Alphavirus Replicon Particle-Based Vaccination with Immunomodulatory Antibodies: Therapeutic Activity in the B16 Melanoma Mouse Model and Immune Correlates Cancer Immunol Res, 2 (5) May 2014.

Avogadri F, Merghoub T, Maughan MF, Hirschhorn-Cymerman D, Morris J, Ritter E, Olmsted R, Houghton AN, Wolchok JD. Alphavirus replicon particles expressing TRP-2 provide potent therapeutic effect on melanoma through activation of humoral and cellular immunity. 2010: PLoS One. Sep 10;5(9). 

Balasuriya UB, Heidner HW, Davis NL, Wagner HM, Hullinger PJ, Hedges JF, Williams JC, Johnston RE, Wilson WD, Liu IK, MacLachlan NJ. Alphavirus replicon particles expressing the two major envelope proteins of equine arteritis virus induce high level protection against challenge with virulent virus in vaccinated horses. 2002: Vaccine 20:1609-1617. 

Baric RS, Yount B, Lindesmith L, Harrington PR, Greene SR, Tseng FC, Davis N, Johnston RE, Klapper DG, Moe CL. Expression and self-assembly of Norwalk virus capsid protein from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons. 2002: J Virol. 76(6):3023-3030. 

Bernstein DI, Reap EA, Katen K, Watson A, Smith K, Norberg P, Olmsted RA, Hoeper A, Morris J, Negri S, Maughan MF, Chulay JD. Randomized, double-blind, Phase 1 trial of an alphavirus replicon vaccine for cytomegalovirus in CMV seronegative adult volunteers. 2009:Vaccine 28:484-493. 

Cassetti MC, McElhiney SP, Shahabi V, Pullen JK, Le Poole IC, Eiben GL, Smith LR, Kast WM. Antitumor effects of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles encoding mutated HPV16 E6 and E7 genes. 2004: Vaccine 22(3-4):520-527. 

Crosby EJ, Gwin WR, Blackwell K, Marcom PK, Chang S, Maecker HT, Broadwater G, Hyslop TM, Kim S, Rogatko A, Lubkov V,  Snyder JC, Osada T, Hobeika A, Morse MA, Lyerly HK, Hartman ZC. Vaccine-induced memory CD8+ T cells provide clinical benefit in HER2 expressing breast cancer: a mouse to human translational study. 2019: Clinical Cancer Research 18-3102.

Crosby EJ, Hobeika AC, Niedzwiecki D, Rushing C, Hsu D, Berglund D, Smith J, Osad T, Gwinn WR, Hartman ZC, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. Long-Term surival of patients with Stage III colon cancer treated with VRP-CEA (6D), an alphavirus vector that increases the CD8+ effector memory T cell to Treg ratio: JITC 2020;8:e001662.

Davis NL, Caley IJ, Brown KW, Betts MR, Irlbeck DM, McGrath KM, Connell MJ, Montefiori DC, Frelinger JA, Swanstrom R, Johnson PR, Johnston RE. Vaccination of macaques against pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles. 2000: J Virol 74:371-378.

Davis NL, West A, Reap E, MacDonald G, Collier M, Dryga S, Maughan M, Walker C, McGrath K, Cecil C, Ping LH, Frelinger J, Olmsted R, Keith P, Swanstrom R, Williamson C, Johnson P, Montefiori D, Johnston RE. Alphavirus replicon particles as candidate HIV vaccines. 2002: IUBMB Life 53:209-211. 

Deming D, Sheahan T, Heise M, Yount B, Davis N, Sims A, Suthar M, Harkema J, Whitmore A, Pickles R, West A, Donaldson E, Curtis K, Johnston R, Baric R. Vaccine efficacy in senescent mice challenged with recombinant SARS-CoV bearing epidemic and zoonotic spike variants. 2006: PLoS Med. 3(12):e525. 

Diaz-San Segundo F, Dias CC, Moraes MP, Weiss M, Perez-Martin E, Owens G, Custer M, Kamrud K, de Los Santos T, Grubman MJ. Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Replicon Particles Can Induce Rapid Protection against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. 2013: J Virol. 87(10):5447-60. 

Durso RJ, Andjelic S, Gardner JP, Margitich D, Donovan GP, Arrigale RR, Wang X, Maughan MF, Talarico TL, Olmsted RA, Heston WDW, Maddon PJ, Olson WC. A novel alphavirus vaccine encoding prostate-specific membrane antigen elicits potent cellular and humoral immune responses. 2007: Clin. Cancer Res. 13:3999-4008. 

Eiben G, Velders M, Schreiber H, Cassetti M, Pullen J, Smith L, Kast WM. Establishment of an HLA-A*0201 human papillomavirus type 16 tumor model to determine the efficacy of vaccination strategies in HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. 2002: Cancer Research 62:5792-5799. 

Eralp Y, Wang X, Wang JP, Maughan M, Polo J, Lachman L. Doxorubicin and palitaxel enhance the antitumor efficacy of vaccines directed against HER 2/neu in a murine mammary carcinoma model. 2004: Breast Cancer Research 6(4):R275-83. 

Erdman MM, Kamrud KI, Harris DL, Smith J. Alphavirus replicon particle vaccines developed for use in humans induce high levels of antibodies to influenza virus hemagglutinin in swine: proof of concept. 2010: Vaccine 28(3):594-596. 

Elliot MB, Chen T, Terio NB, Chong S-Y, Abdullah R, Luckay A, Egan MA, Boutilier LA, Melcille K, Lerch RA, Long D, Eldridge JH, Parks CL, Udem SA, Hancock GE. Alphavirus replicon particles encoding the fusion of glycoproteins of respiratory syncytial virus elicit protective immune responses in BALB/c mice and functional serum antibodies in rhesus macaques. 2007: Vaccine 25:7132-7144. 

Garcia-Hernandez M d-l-L, Gray A, Hubby B, Kast WM. In vivo effects of vaccination with six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate: a candidate antigen for treating prostate cancer. 2007: Cancer Res. 67(3):1344-1351. 

Goldberg SM, Bartido SM, Gardner JP, Guevara-Patino JA, Montgomery SC, Perales MA, Maughan MF, Dempsey J, Donovan GP, Olson WC, Houghton AN, Wolchok JD. Comparison of two cancer vaccines targeting tyrosinase: plasmid DNA and recombinant alphavirus replicon particles. 2005: Clin. Cancer Res. 11(22): 8114-8121. 

Herbert AS, Kuehne AI, Barth JF, Ortiz RA, Nichols DK, Zak SE, Stonier SW, Muhammad MA, Bakken RR, Prugar LI, Olinger GG, Groebner JL, Lee JS, Pratt WD, Custer M, Kamrud KI, Smith JF, Hart MK, Dye JM.Venezuelan equine encephalitis Replicon Particle Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates from Ebola virus Intramuscular and Aerosol Challenge. 2013: J Virol. 87(9):4952-64. 

Hevey M, Negley D, Pushko P, Smith J, Schmaljohn A. Marburg virus vaccines based upon alphavirus replicons protect guinea pigs and nonhuman primates. 1998: Virology 251:28-37. 

Hooper JW, Ferro AM, Golden JW, Silvera P, Dudek J, Alterson K, Custer M, Rivers B, Morris J, Owens G, Smith JF, and Kamrud KI. Molecular Smallpox Vaccine Delivered by Alphavirus Replicons Elicits Protective Immunity in Mice and Non-Human Primates. 2009: Vaccine 13(13). Hubby B, Talarico T, Maughan M, Reap EA, Berglund P, Kamrud KI, Copp L, Lewis W, Cecil C, Norberg P, Wagner J, Watson A, Negri S, Burnett BK, Graham A, Smith JF, Chulay JD. Development and preclinical evaluation of an alphavirus replicon vaccine for influenza. 2007: Vaccine 25(48):8180-8189. 

Jiang G, Shi M, Conteh S, Richie N, Banania G, Geneshan H, Valencia A, Singh P, Aguiar J, Limbach K, Kamrud KI, Rayner J, Smith J, Bruder JT, King CR, Tsuboi T, Takeo S, Endo Y, Doolan DL, Richie TL, and Weiss WR. Sterile Protection against Plasmodium Knowlesi in Rhesus Monkeys from a Malaria Vaccine: Comparison of Heterologous Prime Boost Strategies. 2009: PLoS One 4; e6559. 

Johnston RE, Johnson PR, Connell MJ, Montefiori DC, West A, Collier ML, Cecil C, Swanstrom R, Frelinger JA, Davis NL. Vaccination of macaques with SIV immunogens delivered by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particle vectors followed by a mucosal challenge with SIVsmE660. 2005: Vaccine 23:4969-4979. 

Kamrud KI, Custer M, Dudek JM, Owens G, Alterson KD, Lee JS, Groebner JL, Smith JF. Alphavirus replicon approach to promoterless analysis of IRES elements. 2007: Virology 360:376-387. 

Kamrud KI, Alterson KD, Andrews C, Copp LO, Lewis WC, Hubby B, Patel D, Rayner JO, Talarico T, Smith JF. Analysis of Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicon particles packaged in different coats. 2008: PLoS ONE 3(7):e2709. 

Koh YT, Gray A, Higgins SA, Hubby B, Kast WM. Androgen ablation augments prostate cancer vaccine immunogenicity only when applied after immunization. 2009: Prostate 69(6):571-584. 

Kowalski J, Adkins K, Gangolli S, Ren J, Arendt H, DeStefano J, Obregon J, Tummolo D, Natuk RJ, Brown TP, Parks CL, Udem SA, Long D. Evaluation of neurovirulence and biodistribution of Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicon particles expressing herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein D. 2007: Vaccine 25:2296-2305. 

Laust AK, Sur BW, Wang K, Hubby B, Smith JF, Nelson EL. VRP immunotherapy targeting neu: treatment efficacy and evidence for immunoediting in a stringent rat mammary tumor model. 2007: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 106(3):371-382. 

Lee JS, Groebner JL, Hadjipanayis AG, Negley DL, Schmaljohn AL, Welkos SL, Smith LA, Smith JF. Multiagent vaccines vectored by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon elicits immune responses to Marburg virus and protection against anthrax and botulinum neurotoxin in mice. 2006: Vaccine 24:6886-6892. 

Lee JS, Pushko P, Parker MD, Dertzbaugh MT, Smith LA, Smith JF. Candidate vaccine against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A derived from a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vector system. 2001: Infect Immune 69:5709-5715. 

Lee JS, Dyas BK, Nystrom SS, Lind CM, Smith JF, Ulrich RG. Immune protection against staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced toxic shock by vaccination with a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon. 2002: J Infect Dis 185:1192-1196. 

LoBue AD, Lindesmith L, Yount B, Harrington PR, Thompson JM, Johnston RE, Moe CL, Baric RS. Multivalent norovirus vaccines induce strong mucosal and systemic blocking antibodies against multiple strains. 2006: Vaccine 24:5220-5234. 

MacDonald GH, Johnston RE. Role of dendritic cell targeting in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus pathogenesis. 2000: J Virol 74:914-922. 

MacLachlan NJ, Balasuriya UB, Davis NL, Collier M, Johnston RE, Ferraro GL, Guthrie AJ. Experiences with new generation vaccines against equine viral arteritis, West Nile disease and African horse sickness. 2007: Vaccine 25:5577-5582. 

Mok H, Lee S, Utley TJ, Shepherd BE, Polosukhin VV, Collier ML, Davis NL, Johnston RE, Crowe JE Jr. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles encoding respiratory syncytial virus surface glycoproteins induce protective mucosal responses in mice and cotton rats. 2007: J. Virol. 81(24):13710-13722. 

Moran TP, Burgents JE, Long B, Ferrer I, Jaffee EM, Tisch RM, Johnston RE, Serody JS. Alphaviral vector-transduced dendritic cells are successful therapeutic vaccines against neu-overexpressing tumors in wild-type mice. 2007: Vaccine 25:6604-12. 

Morse MA, Hobeika AC, Osada T, Berglund P, Hubby B, Negri S, Niedzwiecki D, Devi GR, Burnett BK, Clay TM, Smith J, Lyerly HK. An alphavirus vector overcomes the presence of neutralizing antibodies and elevated numbers of Tregs to induce immune responses in humans with advanced cancer. 2010: J Clin Invest. 120(9):3234-41. 

Nelson EL, Prieto D, Alexander TG, Pushko P, Lofts LA, Rayner JO, Kamrud KI, Fralish B, Smith JF. Venezuelan equine encephalitits replicon immunization overcomes intrinsic tolerance and elicits effective anti-tumor immunity to the 'self' tumor-associated antigen, neu in a rat mammary tumor model. 2003: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 63R:1-15. 

Nishimoto KP, Laust AK, Wang K, Kamrud KI, Hubby B, Smith JF, and EL Nelson. Restricted and selective tropism of a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-derived replicon vector for human dendritic cells. 2007: Viral Immunol. 20(1):88-104. 

Osada T, Berglund P, Morse MA, Hubby B, Lewis W, Niedzwiecki D, Yang XY, Hobeika A, Burnett B, Devi GR, Clay TM, Smith J, Kim Lyerly H. Co-delivery of antigen and IL-12 by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles enhances antigen-specific immune responses and antitumor effects. 2012: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 61(11):1941-51. 

Osada T, Morse MA, Hobeika A, Lyerly HK. Novel recombinant alphaviral and adenoviral vectors for cancer immunotherapy. 2012: Semin Oncol. 39(3):305-10. Pushko P, Parker M, Ludwig GV, Davis NL, Johnston RE, Smith JF. Replicon-helper systems from attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: expression of heterologous genes in vitro and immunization against heterologous pathogens in vivo. 1997: Virology 239:389-401. 

Pushko P, Geisbert J, Parker M, Jahrling P, Smith J. Individual and bivalent vaccines based on alphavirus replicons protect guinea pigs against infection with Lassa and Ebola viruses. 2001: J Virol 75:11677-11685. 

Rayner J, Dryga S, Kamrud K. Alphavirus vectors and vaccination. Reviews in Medical 2002: Virology 12:279-296. Reap EA, Dryga SA, Morris J, Rivers B, Norberg PK, Olmsted RA, Chulay JD. Cellular and humoral immune responses to alphavirus replicon vaccines expressing cytomegalovirus pp65, IE1, and gB proteins. 2007: Clin Vaccine Immunol. 14(6):748-55. 

Reap EA, Morris J, Dryga SA, Maughan M, Talarico T, Esch RE, Negri S, Burnett B, Graham A, Olmsted RA, Chulay JD. Development and preclinical evaluation of an alphavirus replicon particle vaccine for cytomegalovirus. 2007: Vaccine 25(42):7441-9. 

Schleiss MR, Lacayo JC, Belkaid Y, McGregor A, Stroup G, Rayner J, Alterson K, Chulay JD, Smith JF. Preconceptual administration of an alphavirus replicon UL83 (pp65 homolog) vaccine induces humoral and cellular immunity and improves pregnancy outcome in the guinea pig model of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. 2007: J Infect Dis. 195:789-98. 

Schultz-Cherry S, Dybing JK, Davis NL, Williamson C, Suarez DL, Johnston R, Perdue ML. Influenza virus (A/HK/156/97) hemagglutinin expressed by an alphavirus replicon system protect chickens against a lethal infection with Hong Kong-origin H5N1 viruses. 2000: Virology 278:55-59. 

Slovin SF, Kehoe M, Durso R, Fernandez C, Olson W, Gao JP, Israel R, Scher HI, Morris S. A phase I dose escalation trial of vaccine replicon particles (VRP) expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in subjects with prostate cancer. 2013: Vaccine. 31(6):943-9. 

Sylte MJ, Hubby B, Suarez DL. Influenza neuraminidase antibodies provide partial protection for chickens against high pathogenic avian influenza infection. 2007: Vaccine 25(19):3763-72. 

Thompson JM, Whitmore AC, Konopka JL, Collier ML, Richmond EM, Davis NL, Staats HF, Johnston RE. Mucosal and systemic adjuvant activity of alphavirus replicon particles. 2006: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:3722-7. 

Thornburg NJ, Ray CA, Collier ML, Liao HX, Pickup DJ, Johnston RE. Vaccination with Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicons encoding cowpox virus structural proteins protects mice from intranasal cowpox virus challenge. 2007: Virology 362:441-52. 

Velders MP, McElhiney S, Cassetti MC, Eiben GL, Higgins T, Kovacs GR, Elmishad AG, Kast WM, Smith LR. Eradication of established tumors by vaccination with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Replicon particles delivering human papillomavirus 16 E7 RNA. 2001: Cancer Res 61:7861-7867. 

Wang X, Wang JP, Maughan MF and LB Lachman. Alphavirus replicon particles containing the gene for HER2/neu inhibit breast cancer growth and tumorigenesis. 2005: Breast Cancer Res. 7:R145-R155. 

Wecker M, Gilbert P, Russell N, Hural J, Allen M, Pensiero M, Chulay J, Chiu YL, Abdool Karim SS, Burke DS; HVTN 040/059 Protocol Team; NIAID HIV Vaccine Trials Network. Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults. 2012 Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2012 Oct;19(10):1651-60. 

White LJ, Parsons MM, Whitmore AC, Williams BM, de Silva A, Johnston RE. An Immunogenic and Protective Alphavirus Replicon Particle-Based Dengue Vaccine Overcomes Maternal Antibody Interference in Weanling Mice. 2007 J Virol. 81(19):10329-39. 

White LJ, Sariol CA, Mattocks MD, Wahala M P B W, Yingsiwaphat V, Collier ML, Whitley J, Mikkelsen R, Rodriguez IV, Martinez MI, de Silva A, Johnston RE. An alphavirus vector-based tetravalent dengue vaccine induces a rapid and protective immune response in macaques that differs qualitatively from immunity induced by live virus infection. 2013:J Virol. 87(6):3409-24. 

Wilson JA, Bray M, Bakken R, Hart MK. Vaccine potential of Ebola virus VP24, VP30, VP35, and VP40 proteins. 2001: Virology 286:384-390. 

Vander Veen R, Kamrud KI, Mogler M, Loynachan AT, McVicker J, Berglund P, Owens G, Timberlake S, Lewis W, Smith J, and Harris DLH. Rapid Development of an Efficacious Swine Vaccine for Novel H1N1. 2009: PLoS Curr. Oct 29;1:RRN1123 

Vander Veen RL, Loynachan AT, Mogler MA, Russell BJ, Harris DL, Kamrud KI. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of an alphavirus replicon-based swine influenza virus hemagglutinin vaccine. 2012 Mar 2: Vaccine. 30(11):1944-50.

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